In the UK, we occupy a unique position. Geographically close to Europe and culturally aligned in many ways with America, we absorb influences from both regions. When this blend is combined with our own architectural history, it creates a distinct and varied style that can sometimes feel European, and at other times, American. This fusion is particularly evident in our architecture and interior design—especially in staircases.
American Staircases
Construction
American staircases are more commonly built with a cut string design. This is primarily due to construction methods rather than a specific aesthetic choice. American homes are often built almost entirely from timber, with the staircase forming part of the house’s structure rather than being a separate element constructed off-site. This site-based construction naturally lends itself to cut stringers, which are easier to produce without access to expensive machinery. Even when staircases are made off-site, American stair builders typically stick with the cut string style due to long-standing conventions.
Style
American staircases tend to be larger in footprint, heavier in section, and more ornate in detail. They are often intended to serve as a central feature in the home. Components such as newel posts, handrails, and spindles are usually larger than those found in Europe, and they often feature intricate detailing throughout.
American handrails also typically incorporate more curvature in their design, with elements such as upeasings, over-easings, and volutes adding further decorative detail. Where possible, continuous handrails are used to enhance this fluid aesthetic.
Interestingly, American staircase design closely resembles British staircases from the 1930s and earlier, especially with the use of cut strings and flowing handrails. These styles are currently experiencing a resurgence in the UK, with many new builds and renovation projects embracing the traditional American aesthetic.
European Staircases
Construction
Throughout much of Europe, homes are traditionally built from brick or blockwork, and staircases are treated as standalone components, often constructed off-site and later fitted into a dedicated stairwell. Because of this off-site approach, European staircases typically feature angled stringers, where treads and risers are machined into the side of the strings, as opposed to the cut string approach.
Due to space constraints, European staircases often include built-in turns or kite winder steps, allowing for a smaller overall footprint—especially important in apartment living or tight stairwells.
Style
European staircases generally adopt a “less is more” design philosophy. With clean, straight lines and smaller sectional materials, they are typically intended to blend into the space rather than dominate it. This approach is especially evident in the use of balustrade materials—glass is far more common in European designs than in American ones. Glass balustrades help create a sense of openness and are more in line with the angular, minimalist stringers often used.
Modern European interiors favour open-plan living, and staircases are frequently designed to complement that. Open tread designs are popular, allowing light to pass through and making the stair feel less obtrusive. As with the use of glass, this openness enhances the feeling of space, which is especially valuable in smaller homes.
